E le karolo ea bohlokoa ea boenjineri ba lipeipi tsa sejoale-joale, lipeipi tsa tšepe tse kentsoeng li sebelisoa haholo ho futhumatsa, ho pholisa, petrochemical le masimo a mang. Boleng ba bona ba ho aha bo ama ka kotloloho ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ea sistimi, ho tšoarella, le polokeho. Ho etsa bonnete ba hore kaho ea lipeipi tsa tšepe tse sirelelitsoeng li lumellana le melaoana, ho bohlokoa ho latela ka tieo litekanyetso tsa tekheniki tse amehang, tse hlokang taolo e hlokolosi ho tsoa khethong ea thepa, ho lokisoa ha kaho le lits'ebetsong tsa ho kenya.
I. Maemo a Lintho le Kamohelo
Lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong bakeng sa lipeipi tsa tšepe tse kentsoeng ka tšepe li kenyelletsa liphaephe tsa tšepe, lesela la insuela (joalo ka polyurethane foam, rock wool), le casing e ka ntle (joaloka{0}} polyethylene e phahameng kapa galvanized iron). Pele ho hahoa, lisebelisoa tsohle li tlameha ho ipapisa le maemo a naha, joalo ka "GB/T 29047-2012 High{4}}polyethylene outer casing, polyurethane foam plastic prefabricated direct-e patiloe insulated pipe" kapa "GB/T 17393-2008"
Pipe ea Tšepe: E tlameha ho ikamahanya le GB/T 8163-2018 Seamless Steel Pipe for Fluid Transportation kapa GB/T 3091-2015 Welded Steel Pipe for Low-Pressure Fluid Transportation, ho netefatsa hore ha ho na likoli tse kang mapetsong le masoba.
Insulation: Foam ea polyurethane e lokela ho ba le conductivity ea mocheso e Ka tlase ho kapa e lekanang le 0.024 W/(m·K), boima ba 'mele ho feta kapa bo lekanang le 60 kg/m³, le matla a hatellang a Ho feta kapa a lekanang le 0.3 MPa.
Pipe ea Kantle: Holimo-polyethylene e phahameng (HDPE) e nang le matla a Ho feta kapa a lekanang le 20 MPa le bolelele nakong ea khefu ea E kholo ho feta kapa e lekana le 350% ho netefatsa hore ho na le tšusumetso le ho bola ha kutu.
Lisebelisoa li tlameha ho fanoa ka setifikeiti sa tumellano le tlaleho ea tlhahlobo ha li fihla, 'me tlhahlobo ea pono e tlameha ho etsoa. Tšenyo efe kapa efe, deformation, kapa likoli tse ling li tlameha ho thibeloa ho sebelisoa.
II. Tokisetso ea Kaho
Patlisiso ea Setša: Pele ho hahoa, tsela ea lipeipi, botebo ba lepato, le maemo a mobu li tlameha ho hlahlojoa ho netefatsa ho tsamaellana le litlhoko tsa moralo. Ho Epolloa ha Foromo: Foro bakeng sa{1}}lipeipi tsa tšepe tse patiloeng ka kotloloho e tlameha ho tsamaellana le "Litlhaloso tsa GB 50268-2008 bakeng sa Kaho le Kamohelo ea Merero ea Phepelo ea Metsi le Lipeipi tsa Metsi." Botlaaseng ba foro bo lokela ho ba sephara le ho hloka mafika a bohale. Moalo o motle oa mosamo oa lehlabathe (botenya bo boholo ho feta kapa bo lekanang le 100 mm) bo lokela ho behoa ha ho hlokahala.
Tlhophiso ea Pele ea Lipeipi: Lipeipi tsa tšepe tse insulated li lokela ho etsoa fekthering kapa{0}}setšeng ho etsa bonnete ba hore li kena ka thata lipakeng tsa lera la insuela le peipi ea tšepe, tse se nang masoba kapa mapetsong.
III. Melao ea Ts'ebetso ea ho Kenya
Pipeline Welding: Argon arc welding kapa welding ea motlakase ea arc e lokela ho sebelisoa. Li-welds li tlameha ho etsoa tlhahlobo ea pono ea 100% le-liteko tse sa senyeheng (joalo ka X-ray kapa tlhahlobo ea ultrasonic) ho etsa bonnete ba hore li lumellana le "GB/T 12467-2018 Radiography of Fusion Welded Joints of Metallic Materials".
Insulation Layer Insulation layer: Lera la polyurethane foam insulation e lokela ho kolobisoa ka-situ ho etsa bonnete ba hore ho na le lekoeba le ts'oanang, le sa honyele le ho petsoha. Mohaho o ka ntle oa casing le oa insulation o lokela ho kenngoa ka thata ho thibela ho kena ha metsi. Kalafo ea Sehokelo: Lera la insuela likhokelong tsa lipeipi (joaloka li-flanges le manonyeletso a cheselitsoeng) li lokela ho tsoela pele. Manonyeletso a lokela ho koaloa ka thepa e khethehileng e tiisang (joalo ka sekhomaretsi sa polyurethane kapa rabara-theipi ea polasetiki ea polasetiki) ho thibela borokho ba mocheso.
Litlhoko tsa ho Tlatsa ka Morao: Ha u tlatsa liphaephe tse koaletsoeng ka kotloloho-, lehlabathe le bonolo kapa mobu o bonolo li lokela ho sebelisoa ka har'a 500 mm ka holim'a phaephe ho thibela ho kopana ka kotloloho lipakeng tsa lintho tse thata le phala. Mobu o tlatsitsoeng ka morao o lokela ho kopanngoa ka mokato ho isa bohōleng bo boholo ho feta kapa bo lekanang le 95%.
IV. Melao ea Kamohelo ea Boleng
Tlhahlobo ea Ponahalo: Lera la ho koala le lokela ho ba le boreleli, le se ke la senyeha kapa le eboloa, 'me mokotla o ka ntle o lokela ho se be le mengoapo kapa ho senyeha.
Teko ea Ts'ebetso ea Thermal Insulation: Sebelisa kh'amera ea litšoantšo tse futhumatsang kapa teko ea conductivity ea mocheso ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea insulation le ho netefatsa hore e fihlela litlhoko tsa moralo.
Teko ea Khatello: Ka mor'a ho kenya, pipeline e tlameha ho etsa tlhahlobo ea khatello ea hydraulic ka makhetlo a 1.5 khatello ea ho sebetsa. Teko ea ho se lutla ka mor'a metsotso e 30 ea khatello e tsitsitseng e nkoa e amoheleha. Tekolo ea Corrosion: Haeba peipi ea tšepe e tlositsoe ka anti{4}}coating e thibelang kutu (joalo ka 3PE kapa epoxy powder), ho tlameha hore ho sebelisoe sesebelisoa sa ho lutla ha spark ho netefatsa hore ha ho na ho lutla.
V. Litlhoko tsa Polokeho le Tikoloho
Tšireletseho ea Kaho: Mabanta a tšireletso a tlameha ho fasoa ha a sebetsa sebakeng se phahameng, 'me ts'ebetso ea ho tjheseletsa e tlameha ho etsoa ka mehato ea thibelo ea mollo ho thibela ho chesa le mollo.
Litlhoko tsa Tikoloho: Lisebelisoa tsa foam ea polyurethane li tlameha ho bolokoa hantle ho thibela tšilafalo ea tikoloho ka lintho tse sa tsitsang, 'me lisebelisoa tsa litšila li tlameha ho hlophisoa le ho lahloa ka thoko.
Qetello
Litekanyetso tsa kaho bakeng sa liphaephe tsa tšepe tse sirelelitsoeng li kenyelletsa likarolo tse ngata, ho kenyelletsa lisebelisoa, lits'ebetso le tlhahlobo ea kamohelo. Tsena li tlameha ho ikamahanya le melao ea naha le ea indasteri ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele{1}, e tsitsitseng ea tsamaiso ea lipeipi. Taolo ea boleng le tlhahlobo ea kamehla e lokela ho matlafatsoa nakong ea kaho ho thibela ho hloleha ha mohatsela kapa tšenyo ea lipeipi ka lebaka la kaho e sa lokelang, ka hona ho netefatsa boleng ba projeke le bophelo ba ts'ebeletso.
