Liphaephe tsa tšepe, e le thepa ea motheo ea bohlokoa indastering ea sejoale-joale le kaho, li tla ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng mme li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng. Sehlopha sa lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa mantlha li ipapisitse le thepa, ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso, sebopeho sa sebopeho le ts'ebeliso. Mefuta e fapaneng ea lipeipi tsa tšepe e bonts'a phapang e kholo ts'ebetsong, litšenyehelo, le maemo a sebetsang. Se latelang se hlahloba ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng mekhoa e meholo ea lihlopha le litšoaneleho tsa liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa motheo ho tloha ka litsela tse ngata.
1. Khethollo ho ea ka Boitsebiso: Tšepe ea Carbon, Alloy Steel, le Stainless Steel
Mokhoa oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa oa ho arola lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa motheo ke lintho tse bonahalang, tse nang le carbon steel accounting bakeng sa karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa, e lateloa ke tšepe ea alloy le tšepe e sa hloekang.
Carbon Steel Pipes: Primarily composed of iron and carbon, with a carbon content typically below 2%, are categorized by carbon content into low-carbon steel (≤0.25%), medium-carbon steel (0.25%-0.6%), and high-carbon steel (>0.6%). Lipeipi tsa tšepe tse tlase{{2}li fana ka ho tiea le ho sebetsa habonolo ha tsona, e leng ho etsang hore li sebelisoe haholo-lipalangoang tse nang le khatello e tlase (joalo ka lipeipi tsa metsi le tsa khase). Litšepe tse mahareng- le tse phahameng{{6}li fana ka matla a holimo, 'me li loketse meaho ea mochini kapa lisebelisoa tse hlokang ho hloekisoa{7}}ka poso. Lipeipi tsa alloy steel: Lintho tse alloying tse kang chromium, nickel, le molybdenum li kengoa ho carbon steel (ka kakaretso e fetang 5%) ho matlafatsa matla a ho senyeha,{10}}matla a phahameng a mocheso, kapa ho se sebetse hantle ha lintho tse entsoeng. Ka mohlala, lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa chromium-molybdenum alloy ha li sebetsane le mocheso le likhatello tse phahameng, 'me hangata li sebelisoa ka liboiler le thepa e pshatlang oli; nickel{13}lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa motsoako li sebelisoa tikolohong ea lik'hemik'hale tse senyang.
Lipeipi tsa tšepe tse sa hloekang: E nang le 10.5% kapa ho feta chromium (tse ling li na le nickel), li etsa filimi e teteaneng ea oxide e thibelang ho bola. Ho latela sebopeho sa bona sa metallographic, li khetholloa e le li-austenitic (tse kang 304 le 316 litšepe tse sa hloekang), ferritic (joalo ka 430 tšepe e sa hloekang), le martensitic (joalo ka 410 tšepe e sa hloekang). Austenitic stainless steel ha se-magnetic and acid{8}} and alkali{9}}resistance, e etsang hore e lokele ho lokisa lijo le lisebelisoa tsa bongaka. Ferritic stainless steel e theko e tlase{11}empa ha e thata, 'me hangata e sebelisoa ho khabisa meralo. Tšepe e sa hloekang ea Martensitic e na le boima bo phahameng 'me e loketse lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha le likarolo tsa ho jara.
2. Khethollo ka Ts'ebetso ea Tlhahiso: Liphaephe tsa Tšepe tse Seamless le tse Welded
Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ke ntlha ea bohlokoa ho khethollang botšepehi ba sebopeho le ts'ebetso ea liphaephe tsa tšepe. Liphaephe tsa tšepe li arotsoe haholo-holo e le tse se nang moroallo le tse cheselitsoeng.
Peipi ea tšepe e se nang seamless: Billet e tiileng ea tšepe e sebetsoa ka mokhoa oa ho phunyeha (hot rolling kapa setšoantšo se batang) ho kena ka har'a tube e se nang litšepe, e fellang ka matla a holimo le khatello e matla- ea ho jara. Peipi e chesang-e roliloeng e se nang seamless e fana ka mefuta e mengata ea boholo (lidiameter tsa ka ntle ho fihla ho 630mm le ho feta) 'me e loketse lipalangoang tse phahameng-tse kang khase ea oli le li-hydraulic struts). Pipe ea tšepe e batang{{6}e huleloang ka seamless e fana ka ho nepahala ha holimo le bokaholimo bo boreleli, e etsa hore e sebelisoe hangata mecheng e nepahetseng kapa mochining oa haeteroliki.
Peipi ea tšepe e cheselitsoeng: E entsoe ka tšepe ea tšepe kapa strip, e entsoe ka longitudinal seam welding (ERW), spiral seam welding (SSAW), kapa{0}}frequency resistance welding (HFW) e phahameng, 'me e na le tjheseletso e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta. Longitudinal seam welded steel pipe (jwalo ka galvanized steel pipe bakeng sa dipalangwang tse tlase{2}}e fana ka ditjeho tse tlase le bokgoni bo phahameng ba tlhahiso, mme e sebediswa haholo ho aha phepelo ya metsi le drainage, hammoho le{3}}gase ya kgatello e tlase. Spiral seam welded steel pipe e na le botenya ba lebota bo tshwanang mme e loketse bophara bo boholo (ho fihla ho 3m le ka hodimo), mme e sebediswa ka tlwaelo ho dipeipi tsa oli le kgase. -peipi ea tšepe e cheselitsoeng khafetsa e sa tsitsang ha e hloke tšepe e tlatsitsoeng 'me e na le lebelo le holimo, e leng se etsang hore e sebelisoe hangata likarolong tsa likoloi le lisebelisoa tsa thepa.
3. Khethollo ho ea ka Sebopeho sa Sebopeho: Round Tubes, Square Tubes, Rectangular Tubes, le tse ling tse khethehileng-
Ho ipapisitsoe le-sebopeho sa likaroloana, liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa mantlha li ka aroloa ka libopeho tse tloaelehileng tsa geometri le libopeho tse ikhethileng-tse entsoeng.
Round Tubes: Accounting ho feta 80%, ona ke mofuta o atileng haholo oa phala ea tšepe. Sefapano sa selikalikoe{2}} se fana ka kabo e tšoanang ea khatello ea maikutlo, khatello e phahameng ea khatello le ho kobeha, le ho sebetsa habonolo (joalo ka ho kobeha le ho cheselletsa). E sebelisoa haholo ho lipalangoang tsa mokelikeli (lipeipi tsa metsi le oli), meaho ea mochini (sekhafo, li-shafts tsa drive), le tšehetso ea moaho (likharetene tsa lerako).
Li-Square le Rectangular Tubes: Li entsoe ka ho kobeha ho batang kapa ho bilika ka ho toba, li na le likaroloana tsa lisekoere kapa tse kgutlonnetsehang{0}}. Li-square tubes li fana ka khanyetso e phahameng ea khatello le ts'ebetso ea sebaka 'me li sebelisoa hangata ho boloka le ho bonts'a liraka. Li-tubes tse nang le li-rectangular, ka lebaka la bolelele le bophara ba tsona bo fapaneng, li ka ikamahanya le litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa ho kenya (tse kang liforeimi tsa menyako le lifensetere le matlo a thepa), 'me li sebelisoa haholo mokhabisong oa meralo le meaho ea tšepe e bobebe.
Tse Khethehileng{{0}Li-Tubes tse Shaped: Tsena li kenyelletsa libopeho tse ikhethileng joalo ka elliptical, triangular, le hexagonal tubes, hangata tse etselitsoeng ho kopana le sebopeho sa lisebelisoa kapa litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso. Ka mohlala, liphaephe tsa tšepe tse mahlakore a mabeli li sebelisoa lithupeng tsa lisebelisoa tse kang li-wrenches ho matlafatsa ho hohla; plum blossom-liphaephe tsa tšepe tse bōpehileng joaloka li sebelisoa mekhabisong ea tšireletso ho ntlafatsa botle ba tsona.
4. Khethollo ho ea ka Tšebeliso: Liphaephe tsa Sebopeho, Lipeipi tsa Mokelikeli, Lipeipi tsa Mechini, le Lipeipi tse Khethehileng{1}}
Ho ipapisitsoe le-mokhoa oa ts'ebeliso, lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa mantlha li ka aroloa ho ea ka tšebetso-ka mekhahlelo e shebaneng.
Liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa mohaho: Haholo-holo li sebelisetsoa ho jara meroalo, li hatisa thepa ea mochine (e kang matla a thata le ntlha ea chai). Ka mohlala, liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa Q235B bakeng sa kaho li sebelisoa ho scaffolding le litšehetso tsa borokho; 20 # liphaephe tsa tšepe bakeng sa tlhahiso ea mochini li sebelisoa matlong a li-gearbox le litulo tse nang le thepa.
Lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa lipalangoang tsa metsi: Litlhoko tsa mantlha li kenyelletsa ho hanyetsa kutu le boreleli ba ka hare ba lebota. Liphaephe tsena li arotsoe ka lipeipi tsa metsi le tsa khase (joalo ka lipeipi tsa tšepe tse entsoeng ka masenke), lipeipi tsa oli le tsa khase (joalo ka lipeipi tse tloaelehileng tsa API 5L), le lipeipi tsa lik'hemik'hale (tse kang lipeipi tsa asiti{2}}tse sa tsitsang tsa tšepe). Lipeipi tsa ho tsamaisa metsi a khatello e tlase{{4}hangata li alafshoa-anti-corrosion" (plastic coating, galvanizing), athe lipeipi tse phahameng-li hloka ho lemoha mefokolo ho netefatsa hore ha li na sekoli. Lipeipi tsa tšepe tse entsoeng ka mochini: E le karolo e koetsoeng, li tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tsa boleng bo holimo. Mohlala, lipeipi tsa tšepe tse batang{9}li sebelisoa 'meleng oa hydraulic valves le automotive shock absorbers; lipeipi tsa tšepe tsa alloy li sebelisoa ka har'a masakaneng a enjine ea sefofane le liporo tsa tataiso tsa mochini o nepahetseng.
Lipeipi tsa tšepe{{0} tsa morero o khethehileng: E etselitsoe maemo a feteletseng, joalo ka liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa zirconium alloy bakeng sa polante ea matla a nyutlelie (-mocheso o phahameng oa neutron radiation resistance), lipeipi tsa super duplex stainless steel for offshore platforms (seawater corrosion resistance), le alloy ea titanium e tšesaane{2}}ea lipeipi tse tšesaane tse nang le mabota (boima bo phahameng ba sepakapaka).
Qetello
Sistimi ea mantlha ea lipeipi tsa tšepe e bonts'a kopanyo e tebileng ea mahlale a thepa, lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso le litlhoko tsa boenjiniere. Ho tloha ho tšepe ea carbon ho ea ho tšepe e sa hloekang, ho tloha ho seamless ho ea ho welded, ho tloha ho pota-pota ho ea ho lipeipi tse bōpehileng, mofuta o mong le o mong o ntlafatsa ts'ebetso bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse itseng. Ho utloisisa lihlopha tsena ha ho thuse feela ho bapisa ka nepo khetho ea thepa ea boenjiniere le litlhoko tse itseng empa hape ho fana ka motheo oa tekheniki bakeng sa nts'etsopele e hlophisitsoeng ea indasteri ea lipeipi tsa tšepe. Ka nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tse ncha (tse kang lipeipi tsa tšepe tse kopantsoeng-tse koetsoeng) le theknoloji ea ho etsa (joaloka 3D-lipeipi tse hatisitsoeng tse nyane-), likarolo le maemo a ts'ebeliso ea lipeipi tsa tšepe li tla tsoela pele ho hola nakong e tlang.
